Muslim dynasties of Iran

This is a list of kings of Persia of the medieval Islamic period, AD 820 to 1432, arranged genealogically.

For the early Islamic period before 820, see:

• Rashidun Caliphate: Umar (634-644), Usman (644-656), Ali (656-661)
• Umayyad Caliphate, 661–750
• Abbasid Caliphate, 750-1258

For the period after 1506, see

• Timurid dynasty, 1370–1506
• Turcomans: Qara Qoyounlus (1375–1468) and Aq Qoyounlu (1378–1508)
• Safavid dynasty, 1502–1736
• Afsharid dynasty, 1736–1796
• Zand dynasty, 1750–1794
• Qajar dynasty, 1794–1925
• Pahlavi dynasty, 1925–1979

See also Iranian monarchy (disambiguation).

Contents 1 Tahirid dynasty (820–872) 2 Alavid dynasty (864–928) 3 Saffarid dynasty (861–1003) 4 Samanid dynasty (819–999) 5 Ziyarid dynasty (928–1043) 6 Buyid dynasty (934–1055) 7 Ghaznavids (963–1187) 8 Great Seljuq Empire, 1037–1194 9 Khwārazm-Shāh dynasty (1077–1231) 10 Chupanids (1335–1357) 11 Muzaffarids (1335–1393) 12 Jalayirids (1335–1432) 13 See also 14 Notes and references 15 Bibliography

Tahirid dynasty (820–872)

Throne Name		Original Name	Portrait	Title	Born-Died	Entered office	Left office	Family Relations	Note
Tahirid dynasty[1], 821–872
1	Taher I			Emir, Governor-General	? - 822	821	822	son of Hoseyn son of Mos'ab
2	Talheh			Governor-General	? - 828	822	828	son of Taher I
3	Abdollah			Governor-General	798 – 844	828	844
4	Taher II			Governor-General	? - 862	844	862
5	Mohammad			Governor-General	? - 890	862	872

Mos'eb

Husein

Tahir I 820-822

Talhe 822-828

Abdullah 828-845

Tahir II 845-862

Muhammad 862-872

Alavid dynasty (864–928)

1st dynasty

Zeyd

Hasan Da'i Kabir 864-884

Mohammad 884-900

Samanids captured Tabaristan. Alavis flee to Gilan in exile, 900-913.
2nd dynasty

Ali

Mohammad

Qasem

Mohammad

Hasan Da’i Saqir 916-928

Ja'afar Nasir Kabir 916-924

Ahmad Nasir Kabir 916-923

Mohammd 924-927

Hasan 927

Saffarid dynasty (861–1003)

Throne Name		Original Name	Portrait	Title	Born-Died	Entered office	Left office	Family Relations	Note
Saffarid dynasty, 861–1002
1	Ya'qub			Emir, Great Founder	840 - 879	872	879	son of Leyth
2	Amr I			Emir	? - 901	870	901	brother of Ya'qub
3	Tahir I			Emir	883 – 908	901	908
4	Laith			Emir	? - 928	908	910
5	Mohammad			Emir	? - ?	910	911
6	Ahmad			Emir, Governor-General	906 - 963	923	963
7	Khalaf I			Emir	937 - 1009	963	1002

Laith

Ya'qub 867-879

Taher

Ali

Amr 879-901

Layth 908-910

Muhammad 910-912

Muhammad

Khalaf

Tâhir 901-908

Ya`qûb

Muhammad

`Amr 912-913

Ahmad 922-963

Khalaf 963-1003

Samanid dynasty (819–999)

Throne Name		Original Name	Portrait	Title	Born-Died	Entered office	Left office	Family Relations	Note
Samanid dynasty, 819–1005
1	Ahmad I				? - 864/5	819	864/5
2	Nasr I				? - 892	864/5	892
3	Isma'il I			Adel	? - 907	892	907
4	Ahmad II			Shaheed	? - 914	907	914
5	Nasr II			Saeed	? - 943	914	942
6	Nuh I			Hamid	? - 954	942	954
7	'Abd al-Malik I			Rashid	? - ?	954	961
8	Mansur I			Mo'ayyed	? - 976	961	976
9	Nuh II			Radhi	? -997	976	996
10	Mansur II			Abol Hareth	? - 999	996	999
11	'Abd al-Malik II			Abol Favares	? - ?	999	999
12	Isma'il II			Montaser	? - 1005	1000	1005

Saman Khuda

Asad

Nuh

Ahmad I

Yahya 819-855

Ilyas

Nasr I 864 - 892

Isma'il I 892 - 907

Ahmad II 907 - 914

Nasr II 914 - 943

Nuh I 943 - 954

'Abd al-Malik I 954 - 961

Mansur I 961 - 976

Nuh II 976 - 997

Mansur II 997 - 999

'Abd al-Malik II 999)

Isma'il II al-Muntasir

Ziyarid dynasty (928–1043)

Throne Name		Original Name	Portrait	Title	Born-Died	Entered office	Left office	Family Relations	Note
Ziyarid dynasty, 928–1043 AD
1	Mardavij			Abolhajjaj, Emir	? - 934	928	934	son of Ziyar
2	Voshmgir			Abutaher	? - 967	934	967	son of Ziyar
3	Bisotoon			Zahir od-Dowleh	? - 976	967–	976	son of Voshmgir
4	Qabus			Shams ol-Ma'ali, Abolhasan		976	1012	son of Voshmgir
5	Manuchehr			Falak ol-Ma'ali		1012	1031	son of Qabus
6	Anushiravan			Sharaf ol-Ma'ali		1031	1043	son of Manuchehr
7	Keykavous			Onsor ol-Ma'ali				son of Eskandar son of Qabus
8	Gilanshah							son of Keykavous

Vardan

Ziyar

Mardavij 928-934

Vushmgir 934-967

Farhad

Behsutun 967-976

Qabus 976-1012

Manuchihr 1012-1031

Dara

Eskandar

Anushirvan 1031-1043

Keykavous

Gilanshah

Buyid dynasty (934–1055)

Throne Name		Original Name	Portrait	Title	Born-Died	Entered office	Left office	Family Relations	Note
Diylamids of Fars, 933–1062 AD
1	Emad od-Dowleh	Ali		Abolhasan, Emir	?892 - 949	933	949	son of Buyeh
2	Azad od-Dowleh	Panah Khosrow		Abushoja', Emir	937 - 982	949	982	son of Rokn od-Dowleh
3	Sharaf od-Dowleh	Shirdel		Abolfavares, Emir	962 - 989	982	989	son of Azad od-Dowleh
4	Shams od-Dowleh			Abuali, Emir	? - 989	989	989	son of Sharaf od-Dowleh
5	Samsam od-Dowleh	Marzban		Abukalijar, Emir	964 - 998	989	998	son of Azad od-Dowleh
6	Nur od-Dowleh	Salar		Emir	? - 1000?	998	999	son of Izz od-Dowleh
7	Baha' od-Dowleh	Firuz		Abunasr, Emir	970 - 1012	999	1012	son of Azad od-Dowleh
8	Soltan od-Dowleh			Abushoja', Emir	992 - 1024	1012	1024	son of Baha' od-Dowleh
9	Qavam od-Dowleh	Shirdel		Abolfavares, Emir	999 - 1028	1024	1026	son of Baha' od-Dowleh
10	Emad od-Din	Marzban		Abukalijar, Emir	?1011 - 1048	1026	1048	son of Soltan od-Dowleh
11		Fuladsotun		Abumansur, Emir	? - ?	1048	1048	son of Emad od-Din
12	Malek or-Rahim	Khosrow Firuz		Abunasr, Emir	? - 1058	1048	1050	son of Emad od-Din
11		Fuladsotun		Abumansur, Emir	? - ?	1050	1051	son of Emad od-Din
13		Khosrow Shah		Abusa'id, Emir	? - ?	1051	1053	son of Emad od-Din
11		Fuladsotun		Abumansur, Emir	? - ?	1053	1062	son of Emad od-Din
Diylamids of Rey, Isfahan, and Hamedan, 935–c. 1038 AD
1	Rokn od-Dowleh	Hasan		Abuali, Emir	898 - 976	935	976	son of Buyeh
2	Mo'ayyed od-Dowleh	Buyeh		Abumansur, Emir	941 - 983	976	983	son of Rokn od-Dowleh
3	Fakhr od-Dowleh	Ali		Abolhasan, Emir	952 - 997	976	997	son of Rokn od-Dowleh	From 976 to 979 only in Rey. From 979 to 983 in exile.
4	Majd od-Dowleh	Rostam		Abutaleb, Emir	993 - 1029	997	1029	son of Fakhr od-Dowleh	Only in Rey
5	Shams od-Dowleh	Shah Khosrow		Abutaher, Emir	? - 1021	997	1021	son of Fakhr od-Dowleh	Only in Isfahan and Hamedan
6	Sama' od-Dowleh	Ali		Abolhasan, Emir	? - 1023	1021	1023	son of Shams od-Dowleh	Only in Hamedan
7		Panah Khosrow		Abukalijar, Emir	? - ?	c. 1036	c. 1038	son of Majd od-Dowleh	Only in Rey
Diylamids of Iraq and Khuzistan, 945–c. 1055 AD
1	Mo'ez od-Dowleh	Ahmad		Abolhosein, Emir	915 - 966	945	966	son of Buyeh
2	Izz od-Dowleh	Bakhtiar		Abumansur, Emir	943 - 977	966	977	son of Mo'ez od-Dowleh
3	Azad od-Dowleh	Panah Khosrow		Abushoja', Emir	937 - 982	977	982	son of Rokn od-Dowleh
4	Samsam od-Dowleh	Marzban		Abukalijar, Emir	964 - 998	982	986	son of Azad od-Dowleh
5	Sharaf od-Dowleh	Shirdel		Abolfavares, Emir	962 - 989	986	989	son of Azad od-Dowleh
6	Baha' od-Dowleh	Firuz		Abunasr, Emir	970 - 1012	989	1012	son of Azad od-Dowleh
7	Soltan od-Dowleh			Abushoja', Emir	992 - 1024	1012	1021	son of Baha od-Dowleh
8	Mosharraf od-Dowleh	Hasan		Abuali, Emir	1002–1025	1021	1025	son of Baha' od-Dowleh
9	Jalal od-Dowleh	Shirdel (or Firuz Khosrow)		Abutaher, Emir	994 - 1043	1025	1025	son of Baha' od-Dowleh
10	Emad od-Din	Marzban		Abukalijar, Emir	?1011 - 1048	1025	1027	son of Soltan od-Dowleh
9	Jalal od-Dowleh	Shirdel (or Firuz Khosrow)		Abutaher, Emir	994 - 1043	1027	1043	son of Baha' od-Dowleh
10	Emad od-Din	Marzban		Abukalijar, Emir	?1011 - 1048	1043	1048	son of Soltan od-Dowleh
11	Malek or-Rahim	Khosrow Firuz		Abunasr, Emir	? - 1058	1048	1055	son of Emad od-Din

Ali 'Imad al-Daula 934-949

Hasan Rukn al-Daula 935-976

Ahmad Mu'izz al-Daula 945-967

Ali Fakhr al-Daula 976-980

Panah Khosro 'Adud al-Daula 949-983

Abu-Mansur Mu'ayyed al-Daula 980-983

Bakhtiar 'Izz al-Daula 966-978

Abu Taher Shmas al-Daula 997-1021

Abu Taleb Majd al-Daula 997-1029

Shirzil Sharaf al-Daula 983-989

Marzuban Samsam al-Daula 989-998

Fana Khosro Baha' al-Daula 998-1012

Sama' al-Daula 1021-1024

Abu'l-Fawaris Qawam al-Daula 1012-1028

Abushoja' Sultan al-Daula 1012-1024

Abu Ali Musharrif al-Daula 987-989

Abu Kalijar Emad al-Daula 1024-1048

Abu Taher Jalal al-Daula 1025-1044

Abu Mansur Fulad Sutun 1048-1062

Abu Nasr Khosro Firuz 1048-1055

Ghaznavids (963–1187)

Throne Name		Original Name	Portrait	Title	Born-Died	Entered office	Left office	Family Relations	Note
Ghaznavid dynasty, 955–1186 AD
1	Alptigin			Emir	880 - 963	955	963
2	Eshaq			Emir	? - 966	963	966	son of Alptigin
3	Belkatigin			Emir	? - 972	966	972
4	Piritigin			Emir	? - 976	972	976		Killed
5	Sabuktigin			Naser od-Din, Abumansur, Emir	942 - 997	976	997	son of Juq Qarabajkam
6	Esma'il			Emir	? - ?	997	998	son of Sabuktigin	Abdicated
7	Mahmud			Yameen od-Dowleh, Abolqasem, Soltan	971 - 1030	998	1030	son of Sabuktigin
8	Mohammad I			Jalal od-Dowleh, Abuahmad, Soltan	997 - 1040	1030	1030	son of Mahmud	Deposed by Mas'ud I
9	Mas'ud I			Shahab od-Dowleh, Abusa'd, Soltan	997 - 1040	1030	1040	son of Mahmud
8	Mohammad I			Jalal od-Dowleh, Abuahmad, Soltan	997 - 1040	1040	1040	son of Mahmud	Killed by Mowdud
10	Mowdud			Shahab od-Dowleh, Abolfath, Soltan	1011–1049	1040	1049	son of Mas'ud I
11	Mas'ud II			Soltan	? - ?	1049	1049	?
12	Ali			Baha' od-Dowleh, Abolhasan, Soltan	? - ?	1049	1049	son of Mas'ud I
13	Mohammad II			Soltan	? - ?	1049	1049	son of Mowdud
14	Abd or-Rashid			Ezz od-Dowleh, Abumansur, Soltan	1022–1052	1049	1052	son of Mahmud
15	Toghrel			Soltan	? - 1052	1052	1052		Usurper. Killed
16	Farrokhzad			Jamal od-Dowleh, Abushoja', Soltan	1026–1059	1052	1059	son of Mas'ud I
17	Ebrahim			Zaheer od-Dowleh, Abolmozaffar, Soltan	1026 or 1040–1098	1059	1098	son of Mas'ud I
18	Mas'ud III			Ala' od-Dowleh, Abusa'id, Soltan	1061–1114	1098	1114	son of Ebrahim
19	Shirzad			Kamal od-Dowleh, Soltan	? - ?	1114	1115	son of Mas'ud III
20	Arsalan Shah			Soltan od-Dowleh, Abolfat'h, Soltan	1083 - 1117/8	1115	1117/8	son of Mas'ud III
21	Baharm Shah			Yameen od-Dowleh, Abolmozaffar, Soltan	? - 1152	1117/8	1152	son of Mas'ud III
22	Khosrow Shah			Taj od-Dowleh, Abushoja', Soltan	? - 1160	1152	1160	son of Baharm Shah
23	Khosrow Malek			Saraj od-Dowleh, Abolmolook, Soltan	? - 1193	1160	1186	son of Khosrow Shah

Alptigin 963-977

Ebrahim

Piri

Sebük Tigin 977-997

Belka Tigin

Ismail 997-998

Mahmud 998-1030

Mohammed 1st, 1030–1031 2nd, 1041

Mass'ud I 1031–1041

Maw'dud 1041–1050

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Great Seljuq Empire, 1037–1194

Throne Name		Original Name	Portrait	Title	Born-Died	Entered office	Left office	Family Relations	Note
Seljuq Empire, 1029–1194
1	Toğrül I	Mohammad		Rukn od-Din, Abutaleb, Beg, Sultan	995 - 1063	1029	1063	son of Mikayil son of Seljuq
2	Alp Arslan	Mohammad		Azad od-Dowleh, Abushoja', Sultan	1039 - 1072	1063	1072	son of Chaghri Beg Dawud brother of Toğrül I	Killed by a captured soldier
3	Malik Shah I	Hasan		Jalal od-Dowleh, Abolfat'h, Sultan	1055 - 1092	1072	1092	son of Alp Arslan	Killed by Assassins
4	Mahmud I			Nasir od-Din, abolqasem, Sultan	1086 - 1094	1092	1094	son of Malik Shah I
5	Barkiyaruq	Mohammad		Rukn od-Din, Abolmozaffar, Sultan	1080 - 1105	1094	1105	son of Malik Shah I
6	Malik Shah II			Mu'izz od-Din, Abolfat'h, Sultan	1101 - ?	1105	1105	son of Barkiyaruq	Deposed & blinded by Mohammad I
7	Mohammad I	Tapar		Ghiyath od-Din, Abushoja', Sultan	1082 - 1118	1105	1118	son of Malik Shah I
8	Sanjar	Ahmad		Mu'izz od-Din, Abolhareth, Sultan	1087 - 1157	1097	1157	son of Malik Shah I
9	Mahmud II			Moghith od-Din, Sultan	1104 - 1131	1118	1131	son of Mohammad I
10	Dawud			Moghith od-Din, Abolfat'h, Sultan	? - 1132	1131	1132	son of Mahmud II
11	Toğrül II			Rukn od-Din, Abutaleb, Sultan	1109 - 1134	1132	1134	son of Mohammad I
12	Mas'ud			Ghiath od-Din, Abolfat'h, Sultan	1109 - 1152	1134	1152	son of Mohammad I
13	Malik Shah III			Moghith od-Din, Sultan	1128 - 1160	1152	1153	son of Mahmud II
14	Mohammad II			Ghith od-Din, Abushoja', Sultan	1128 - 1160	1153	1160	son of Mahmud II
15	Süleyman Shah			Mu'izz od-Din, Abolhareth, Sultan	1118 - 1162	1160	1161	son of Mohammad I	Deposed
16	Arsalan			Rukn od-Din, Sultan	1134 - 1176	1161	1176	son of Toğrül II
17	Toğrül III			Rukn od-Din, Abutaleb, Sultan	? - 1194	1176	1194	son of Arsalan	Killed

Khwārazm-Shāh dynasty (1077–1231)

Throne Name		Original Name	Portrait	Title	Born-Died	Entered office	Left office	Family Relations	Note
Khwārazm-Shāh Empire, 1153–1231
1	Atsiz			Ala' od-Din, Abolmozaffar, Sultan	? - 1156	1153	1156	son of Muhammad I of Khwarazm	Ruling in Khwārazm from 1127
2	Il-Arslan			Taj od-Din, Abolfat'h, Sultan	? - 1171	1156	1172	son of Atsiz
3	Soltanshah	Mahmud		Jalal od-Din, Abolqasem, Sultan	? - 1172	1172	1193	son of Il-Arslan
4	Tekish			Ala' od-Din, Abolmozaffar, Sultan	? - 1199	1172	1200	son of Il-Arslan
5	Mohammad			Ala' od-Din, Qotb od-Din, Abolfat'h, Sultan	? - 1221	1200	1221	son of Tekish
6	Mingburnu			Jalal od-Din, Sultan	? - 1231	1220	1231	son of Mohammad II	Killed

Anushtiginids

Anush Tigin 1077-1097

Muhammad I 1097-1127

Aziz 1127-1156

Il-Arslan 1156-1172

Sultan Shah 1172-1193

Takesh 1172-1200

Muhammad II 1200-1220

Jalal al-Din 1220-1231

- Mongol invasion of Khwarezmia, 1218-1221

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- Mongol Empire, 1231-1256
- Ilkhanate, 1256–1335

Chupanids (1335–1357)

Chupan

Hassan

Timurtash

Demasq Kaja

Shaikh Mahmoud

Bagdad Katun

Hassan Kuchak

Malek Ashraf

Delsad Katun

Muzaffarids (1335–1393)

Sharaf al-Din Mozaffar

Mubariz al-Din Muhammad 1314-1358

Imad al-Din Ahmad 1387-1391

Bayazid

Sharaf al-Din Muzaffar

Shah Shuja 1335-1364 1366-1384

Qutb Al-Din Shah Mahmud 1358-1366

Shah Mansur 1391-1393

Mubariz al-Din Shah Yahya 1387-1391

Mujahid al-Din Zain Al-Abidin 'Ali 1384-1387

Jalayirids (1335–1432)

Husein Gurkan

daughter of Arghun

Hasan Buzurg 1336-1356

Delsad Katun

Uvais I 1356-1374

Alishah

Husain I 1374-1382

Ahmad 1383-1410

Hasan 1374

Shah Valad 1410-1411

Tandura Khatun

Al'a od-Dowleh

Mahmud 1411-1415

Uvais II 1415-1421

Mohammed 1421-1422

Husain II 1424-1432

See also

• Shah
• Timurid family tree
• Genealogy of Ilkhans
• Safavid dynasty family tree

Notes and references

Bibliography

• Zambaur, E. Manuel (1927). de genealogie et de chronologie pour l'historie de l'Islam. Hannover. 
• Bosworth, Clifford Edmund (1967). The Islamic Dynasties: a Chronological and Genealogical survey. Edinburgh. 
• The Cambridge History of Iran (CHI), vol. 4, THE PERIOD FROM THE ARAB INVASION TO THE SALJUQS, Cambridge University Press, 1975.
• The Cambridge History of Iran (CHI), vol. 5, THE SALJUQ AND MONGOL PERIODS, Cambridge University Press, 1968.
• The Cambridge History of Iran (CHI), vol. 6, THE TIMURID AND SAFAVID PERIODS, Cambridge University Press, 1986.
• The Cambridge History of Iran (CHI), vol. 7, FROM NADIR SHAH TO THE ISLAMIC REPUBLIC, Cambridge University Press, 1991.